|
Tancredo de Almeida Neves SFO ((:tɐ̃ˈkɾedu ˈnɛvis)) (March 4, 1910 – April 21, 1985) was a Brazilian politician, lawyer, and entrepreneur. He served as Minister of Justice and Interior Minister from 1953 to 1954, Prime Minister from 1961 to 1962, Finance Minister in 1962, and as Minas Gerais' State Governor from 1983 to 1984. He was elected as President of Brazil in 1985, but died before he took office. He began his political career with the "Progressive Party (Brazil)" (PP) of Minas Gerais through which he served as city councilman of São João del Rei from 1935 to 1937. He received the majority of votes and became President of the Municipal Legislature.〔 He was elected state representative (1947-1950) and congressman (1951-1953) as a member of the Social Democratic Party (PSD). He began his work in June 1953, acting as Minister of Justice and Minister of Internal Affairs until the suicide of President Getúlio Vargas.〔 In 1954 Tancredo was elected congressman and served for one year. From 1956 to 1958 he was director of Banco de Crédito Real de Minas Gerais and President of Carteira de Redescontos of Banco do Brasil from 1956 to 1958. From 1958 to 1960 he headed the Department of Finance of Minas Gerais. Tancredo Neves was nominated Prime Minister of Brazil after the resignation of President Jânio Quadros and the introduction of the Parliamentary Regime in 1961 and was re-elected congressman in 1963. He was one of the leaders of the Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB), a political party created on October 27, 1965 through the Institutional Act Number Two (AI-2) which mandated the extinction of all existing parties and the institution of bi-partisanship. He was later re-elected congressman various times between 1963 and 1979. After the re-institution of a multiparty system Tancredo became a senator as a member of the MDB in 1978 and founded the "Popular Party" (PP) with which he continued to serve until 1982. He joined the Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB) the following year and was elected governor of Minas Gerais where he served from 1983 to 1984. During this period, there was great political turmoil in favour of the movement known as Diretas Já, a civil action that mobilized the youth and proclaimed direct elections for President. But with the defeat of the "Dante de Oliveira amendment", which instituted direct elections for president in 1984, Tancredo was chosen to represent the "Democratic Alliance", a coalition of opposition parties. In 1984, Tancredo ran for president with the help of Ulysses Guimarães. He was elected President of Brazil on January 15, 1985 by the indirect voting of an electoral college. Tancredo fell gravely ill on the eve of his inauguration, March 14, 1985, and died 39 days afterwards. He died of diverticulitis and never assumed his position as president. While still ill, he was awarded the "Grand Cross of Value, Loyalty and Merit" by the "Military Order of the Tower and Spade" on March 27.〔(Ordens Honoríficas Portuguesas )〕 Although he died before taking his post as president his name has been included in the gallery of Brazilian presidents according to law 7.4653,〔(Lei nº 7.465, de 21 de abril de 1986 )〕 passed on the first anniversary of his death. Tancredo was the last Mineiro (from the State of Minas Gerais) President to be elected in the 20th century (before Dilma Rousseff in 2010). Neves was one of the most important Brazilian politicians in the 20th century and one of the major statesmen of Brazilian history. In July 2012 he was elected one of the “100 greatest Brazilians of all time” in a competition organized by Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão (SBT) and the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC).〔(O Maior Brasileiro de Todos os Tempos - Candidatos )〕 ==Early life and career== Tancredo Neves was born in São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais and was of mostly Portuguese, but also Austrian descent〔KOIFMAN, Fábio. Presidentes do Brasil: De Deodoro a FHC.〕 and graduated in law. The Neves family name comes from an Azorean great-great-grandfather.〔http://www.geneall.net/P/per_page.php?id=467915〕 Tancredo Neves was a descendant of Amador Bueno, a noted paulista from the colonial Brazilian era.〔〔http://www.geneall.net/P/per_page.php?id=1052258〕 His parents were Francisco de Paula Neves and Antonina de Almeida Neves. After having completed studies in his hometown, he moved to Belo Horizonte and enrolled in Law School. He was a sympathizer of the "Liberal Alliance" that had brought Getúlio Vargas to power with the outbreak of the 1930 Revolution. Tancredo studied at Colégio Santo Antônio, a Franciscan school, concluding his studies in Humanities in 1927, and in 1928 he began studies at the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais where he obtained a Bachelor's degree in Law, in 1932 and was a public prosecutor in 1933.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tancredo Neves )〕 He began his political career as a member of the legislative chamber of his hometown in 1934, and was elected in 1947 to the Minas Gerais state legislature. Three years later he became a representative of his state in the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies. In 1953 he was appointed by President Getúlio Vargas to be the Minister of Justice. Neves served in that post until Vargas committed suicide in 1954. In 1960, Neves ran unsuccessfully for governor of Minas Gerais. Tancredo was married to Risoleta Guimarães Tolentino and they had three children. He received a Doctor's Honorary Degree from the University of Coimbra, and was called “Doctor Tancredo” by his close colleagues. He is the grandfather of Aécio Neves, who was Minas Gerais’ Governor between 2003 and 2010 and is currently senator. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tancredo Neves」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|